Different types of Shock: 1. hypovolaemic 2. cardiogenic 3. distributive 4. obstructive Type of shock … NOT exclude the diagnosis of shock. Treatment of Obstructive Shock The additional option for treatment of obstruc-tive shock from pneumothorax is needle tho-racostomy to decrease air tension as explained in . This technique will not remove blood, but will place the pleural space at atmospheric pres … View. Hypovolemic shock is defined as the rapid fluid loss or . It is caused by mechanical obstruction of blood flow to and/or from the heart and causes can include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary embolus, or cardiac defects resulting in left-sided outflow tract obstruction. cardiac tamponade, tension pneumo) • Cardiogenic shock (pump failure) Stages of Shock • Initial shock • Compensatory shock • Progressive shock • Refractory shock (end stage, super bad news) Clinical S/S of Shock (these are the general signs, each type has specifics) septic shock, which will be discussed in the next section. This updated review is helpful to trauma nurses in understanding the various clinical aspects of shock and the current recommendations for EPIDEMIOLOGY Septic shock, a form of distributive shock, is the most common form of shock among patients admitted to the intensive care unit, followed by cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock; obstructive shock is rare [ 1,2 ]. • Obstructive (a mechanical barrier i.e. shock, obstructive shock, and distributive shock. Septic shock, a form of distributive shock, is the most common form of shock among patients in the ICU, followed by cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock; obstructive shock is relatively rare (Fig. This article is available as HTML full text and PDF. Obstructive shock is caused by physical obstruction of circulation either into or out of the heart. Obstructive shock is a less common, but important cause of shock in critically ill infants and children. [1]. The heart does not have the space to pump effectively. Obstructive shock describes shock associated with vascular obstructive defects including pulmonary embolism, pericardial tamponade, atrial myxoma, tension pneumothorax, hydrothorax or haemothorax and even ascites.2 Treatment of these disorders centers upon the relief the obstructive defect. "Undifferentiated shock" refers to the situation where shock is recognized but the cause is unclear. The accumulation of blood outside the heart, but inside the sac of the heart, known as tamponade, is an example. Obstructive shock is a less common, but important cause of shock in critically ill infants and children. Obstructive Non-cardiac obstruction to blood flow Pulmonary embolus, tension pneumothorax, tamponade Understanding the primary cause is important to guide treatment, but the end results of shock (circulatory collapse and end organ damage) are the same for all. Clinical evidence of organ hypoperfusion include: Decreased conscious level, skin mottling, cold peripheries, poor capillary refill, oligouria, lactic acidosis. The type of shock needs to be rapidly elucidated and initial management steps initiated to minimize the time of tissue hypoperfusion. Obstructive shock occurs when the heart cannot work properl y for a physical reason. Similarly, the classes of hemorrhagic shock are grouped by signs and symptoms, amount of blood loss, and the type of fluid replacement. In the perioperative period, various mechanisms can lead to the development of shock. Classic Presentation Signs of shock may be subtle or obvious. Diagnosis of shock Shock may be suspected based on the history given – predation, vehicle obstructive; (3) cardiogenic; and (4) hemorrhagic. 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